Review of the Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Review of the Literature - Essay ExampleSome of the roots of this omission are the West-centric approaches of IR and rise of modernist theorists that highlight the practicality and plurality of the unsanctified versus the religious. This paper reviews the concepts and theories on the resurgence of religious belief as a legitimate institution in shaping the public sphere and IR. Realist, liberal, and constructivist IR theories neglect the role that trust plays in the formation of nation-states and the development of international relations, and new theories on the religious should be produced to integrate morality into IR discourse. In Religious Resurgence, Elizabeth Shakman Hurd suggests a new approach to religion and international relations that confronts the realist, liberal, and constructivist assumptions that eliminated religion in Western politics. She argues that the religious has political authority, since it impacts local, national, and international politics. She suggest s religious resurgence that has core concepts, which would invite divers(a) theological politics. The chapter The Overlooked Dimension shows that Fox and Sandler agree with Hurd that religion should be brought into IR studies. Fox and Sandler try out that religion may not be the madcap force in world politics, but IR would not be completely examined without considering the nation-states religious dimension. Religious legitimacy, they assert, affects policy makers and civil societies, as sound as local religious conflicts that cross borders. They ask for western affable scientists to insert religion into their social researches, not as a peripheral or incidental subject, but as an additional tush for organizing mankind society and governance. Religious resurgence underscores the pivotal role of religion in IR, since it is a natural component in most cultures and civilizations, and so religion should be viewed as a crucial driving force in international relationships. Hurd cal ls religious resurgence as the attempt of the religious to shape the secular in domestic and international levels. It is an attempt that found expression in various religious movements and activities, both(prenominal) traditional and fundamentalist. These expressions underline the precedent of religion in renewing traditional values and relationships. Kubalkova develops the concept of world-wide Political Theology (IPT) in Towards an International Political Theology. IPT does not only focus on power and wealth, as traditional IR does, but includes the values and meaning that people place in human existence. She confirms the resurgence of the religious in IR discourse, because religion gives meaning to human existence and direction. She speaks from the perspective of constructivism, which is remote positivism that sees religion as a direct opposite of reason. Kubalkova argues that the community of states adopts and changes rules and standards that also coincide or oppose religiou s beliefs and practices. She proposes to use constructivism as the theoretical viewpoint to include religion, because it is more practical than positivism, as the former uses social construction in analyzing diverse interacting agencies and their effects on national and IR realities. Richard Falk, in A Worldwide Religious Resurgence in an Era of Globalization and Apocalyptic Terrorism,